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Forge Report: First Half Threat Trends of 2024
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Bumblebee Loader Incorporated into New Ransomware Operations
Symantec's Threat Hunter team has identified the integration of the Bumblebee loader into various ransomware operations, including Conti and Quantum. This transition may have been pre-planned as a replacement for Trickbot and BazarLoaders. The Bumblebee loader is delivered via phishing emails containing a malicious DLL and LNK file within an ISO file. The LNK file uses rundll32.exe to execute the Bumblebee DLL, which then contacts the attacker's C2 server. Persistence is established through a scheduled task running a VBS file. Hours later, Cobalt Strike is deployed, system reconnaissance is performed using 'systeminfo' and AdFind, and ransomware encryption follows.
Undoing Microsoft Macros Block By Default
Microsoft has rolled back its decision to block macros by default in Office products due to customer feedback, surprising many admins. This reversal could lead to increased security risks as threat actors might reuse old macro-based malware tactics.
Report of Infection Chain XLoader Abuses PDF, MS and Equation Editor Released
Cyble's report uncovers XLoader's infection chain, exploiting PDF and Microsoft vulnerabilities. The malware uses a spam email with a PDF and XLSX file, leveraging the equation editor vulnerability (CVE-2017-11882) for execution. XLoader employs steganography for stealth and exfiltrates credentials and data to the attacker's server.
Researchers Found Infection Chain in USB Devices and Shared Folders
Cybereason's research uncovers the Raspberry Robin worm's infection chain via USB devices and shared folders. The malware uses LNK files to call msiexec.exe, downloading a malicious DLL. It injects into rundll32.exe, regsvr32.exe, and dllhost.exe, and maintains persistence through the registry run key.
Hacker Alleges to Steal Data from Chinese Citizens
An anonymous hacker, "ChinaDan," claims to have stolen data from the Shanghai National Police database, affecting 1 billion Chinese citizens. The data includes personal details and criminal records, allegedly exfiltrated from Alibaba Cloud due to an open ElasticSearch database and a tech blog exposing credentials. Binance CEO Zhao Changpeng and Wall Street Journal reporter Karen Hao have investigated and verified the breach's authenticity.
Chinese APTs Targeting Russian Organizations
Research from SentinelLabs and CERT-UA has identified Chinese espionage groups targeting Russian government organizations. The campaign involves distributing malicious documents through phishing emails that deploy a remote access trojan named Bisonal. These documents, created using the Royal Road tool, exploit the Microsoft Equation Editor vulnerability, CVE-2018-0798. With medium confidence, the activity is suspected to be associated with the Tonto Team APT group (also known as 'CactusPete' and 'Earth Akhlut'). However, the increased rate of targeting Russian organizations suggests the involvement of multiple Chinese threat actor groups. On July 6th, 2022, Nikolay Murashov, deputy director of Russia's National Coordination Center for Computer Incidents, reported an average of over 200 cyberattacks daily against Russian government agencies.
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