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Forge Report: First Half Threat Trends of 2024
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Lazarus's NukeSped Backdoor and Log4Shell
The ASEC analysis team has tracked North Korean threat group Lazarus exploiting the Log4Shell vulnerability (CVE-2021-44228) to distribute the NukeSped backdoor malware. Active since 2020 and written in C++, NukeSped can execute commands from a C2 server, keylog, capture screenshots, and deploy an information stealer to collect credentials, emails, and files.
Cheerscrypt Ransomware
Trend Micro's analysis has identified a Linux-based ransomware named Cheerscrypt, which specifically targets VMware ESXi servers. The ransomware terminates VM processes prior to execution using ESXCLI, ensuring successful encryption of VMware-related files. Attackers utilize a double extortion model, stealing and encrypting files to pressure victims into paying a ransom to avoid data leaks. Encrypted files are renamed with a .Cheers extension.
BlackCat Ransomware Strikes Carinthia
On May 24, 2022, the Southern Austrian state of Carinthia was hit by ALPHV/BlackCat ransomware, demanding a $5 million ransom. The attack affected services such as the state's website, emails, passport issuance, traffic fines, and COVID-19 testing and contact tracing. Despite the disruption, Gerd Kurath, head of Carinthia's press service, stated that the state would not meet the ransom demands as data remained uncompromised and available on backup systems. Restoration of services and the 3,000 impacted systems is expected by May 27, 2022.
The Web of Chaos Ransomware
BlackBerry research investigates Chaos and Onyx ransomware, highlighting their 98% coding similarity and evolution from Chaos v4.0 Ransomware Builder. Chaos, observed since June 2021, evolved into Onyx by April 2022. The latest version, Yashma, showcases advanced capabilities. Industries impacted include emergency services, medical, finance, construction, and agriculture.
Recap of Emotet Botnet in 2022
Trend Micro's Q1 2022 tracking of Emotet malware shows significant impact on industries like manufacturing, education, and healthcare, especially in Japan and APAC. Emotet spreads via spam campaigns, using Excel 4.0 macros and LNK files to execute payloads. Persistence is established through new services and autorun registry keys.
Security in Medical Devices
Cybellum's research on medical device security, polling 150 industry decision-makers, identifies managing tools and technology as a primary challenge. Lack of dedicated senior management for cybersecurity is also noted. Key priorities include governance and early security integration, with most organizations increasing their security budgets in 2022.
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