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Forge Report: First Half Threat Trends of 2024
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CVE-2022-30190 / Follina: Microsoft Office Zero-Day
On May 27th, 2022, a zero-day vulnerability named CVE-2022-30190 (Follina) was identified in Microsoft Office. Originating from Belarus, it exploits MSDT to run malicious PowerShell commands without elevated privileges, evading EDR detection.
Unraveling Wizard Spider's Operations
Prodraft reveals the sophisticated operations of Wizard Spider, a cybercriminal group funded by financial successes. Using tools like Qakbot and Log4Shell exploits, the group conducts extensive reconnaissance, prioritizes domain admin privileges, and deploys Conti ransomware, leveraging advanced methods like hash cracking and cold-calling systems.
Twisted Panda Campaign Targets Russian Defense Institutions
CheckPoint reports the Twisted Panda campaign by APT10 and Mustang Panda targeting Russian defense institutions since June 2021. Phishing emails with malicious documents lead to the SPINNER backdoor, which collects system information, exfiltrates files, downloads payloads, and runs OS commands. The campaign focuses on entities within Rostec Corporation.
Phishing with Chatbots
Phishing scams are now using chatbots to improve authenticity and steal credentials. Trustwave and BleepingComputer observed DHL-themed phishing emails that lead to webchats, deceiving victims into providing personal and payment information, including one-time passcodes, under the guise of re-processing undelivered packages due to damaged labels.
iPhone Chip Low-Power Mode (LPM) Security Issue
Researchers at Germany's Technical University of Darmstadt have discovered a security issue in Apple's iPhone chips related to Low-Power Mode (LPM). The Bluetooth chip, which remains active for up to 24 hours after the device is powered off, lacks mechanisms for digitally signing or encrypting firmware. This vulnerability, which persists due to hardware limitations, could allow attackers to exploit the device and launch malicious firmware. The risk is not easily solvable with system updates and has a long-lasting effect on iOS security. Apple has not yet responded to the findings.
Conti & Its Subsidiary Group Blackbyte
AdvIntel's extensive research on the Conti ransomware group delves into its subsidiary group Blackbyte, which, along with the data extortion group Karakurt, supports Conti's operations. The relationship between Conti and Blackbyte was investigated following the San Francisco 49ers data breach on February 13th, 2022. Security news outlets initially pointed to Blackbyte as the attacker, but AdvIntel identified Conti as the true perpetrator, using Blackbyte as a shell group. The breach began on December 14th, 2021, with Cobalt Strike commands targeting the 49ers' network, compromising the primary domain and accessing finance and accounting sectors. AdvIntel notes a trend of ransomware groups creating sub-divisions for data exfiltration without encryption. Conti's alliances extend to HelloKitty/FiveHands, Babuk, HiVE, BlackCat/ALPHV, and AvosLocker. Future predictions suggest ransomware groups will continue to spawn business derivatives for smaller operations. Detection techniques for Blackbyte emphasize Rclone, Cobalt Strike, Metasploit, and PowerShell commands.
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