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Forge Report: First Half Threat Trends of 2024
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Microsoft Shares Lessons from Russia, Ukraine Conflict
Microsoft reports on lessons from the Russia-Ukraine cyber war, highlighting increased Russian intelligence activities against NATO allies, particularly the U.S. and Poland. Government entities and critical infrastructure are primary targets, with cyber influence operations aimed at various global audiences to sustain support for Russia’s efforts.
Malware Shortcut Files (LNK) are Trending
Since the second quarter of 2022, McAfee Labs has observed an increase in the use of LNK (shortcut) files to deliver malware, including Emotet, Qakbot, and IcedID. This shift is a response to Microsoft disabling Office macros by default, which was a popular infection method. LNK files, often delivered via malicious emails, execute Living Off the Land Binaries (LOLBins) like PowerShell, CMD, and mshta to download malicious payloads, proving to be an effective alternative for attackers.
Ukraine’s CERT Warns of New Malware, CrescentImp
Ukraine’s CERT warns of CrescentImp malware targeting media organizations, including radio stations and news agencies. The malware, associated with the Sandworm group, uses the CVE-2022-30190 vulnerability in Microsoft's MSDT for infection, impacting 500 email addresses in the campaign.
Remote Code Execution Vulnerability found with Fastjson RCE
JFrog's research uncovers an RCE vulnerability in Fastjson, affecting 5000 Maven projects. The flaw bypasses AutoTypeCheck and requires specific conditions for exploitation. Attackers need to find a suitable "gadget" class within the Java application to exploit the vulnerability.
BlackCat Creates Site for Victims to Query for Stolen Data
The BlackCat/ALPHV ransomware gang has launched a site where employees and customers of victimized organizations can check if their data was stolen. This tactic was observed by Emisoft security analyst Brett Callow, with the latest attack targeting a hotel and spa in Oregon. The gang obtained 112GB of data, including sensitive employee information such as Social Security Numbers and birthdates, as well as guest names, arrival dates, and stay costs. Victims risk having their data exposed in search engine results.
HelloXD Ransomware And MicroBackdoor
Since November 2021, HelloXD ransomware has been observed by Palo Alto Unit42 conducting double extortion attacks without a data leak site, negotiating through TOX chat and onion-based messengers. The ransomware shares coding similarities with Babuk. The group uses MicroBackdoor to maintain a foothold, monitor progress, and execute commands. The developer, x4k, is a Russian-speaking threat actor involved in various cybercrime activities.
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